Greece 
From emigration to immigration?

Greece’s recent history has been shaped by migration flows in both directions. Traditionally a country of emigration, it experienced significant outflows—particularly of young and skilled workers—during the years of economic crisis. At the same time, Greece became a primary entry point into Europe during the refugee crisis, creating a complex dynamic of simultaneous inflows and outflows that continues to shape its labour market and demographic outlook.

Reframing migration
(Eurasian Development Goal 6)

Source: World Bank (2025)